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CHAPTER 3

ANIMATION
An animator must consider a number of things when planning and creating animated movement. First, he or she must devise a plan for the action the character is supposed to perform. Once the plan is set, the actual movements of the character can be designed and rough sketches of the movements drawn. (At this stage, the animator should be well acquainted with the character so the movements will appear natural.) Next, key (or "extreme") character poses are drawn; then the key poses are used as guides to draw the in-between movements.

This chapter includes excellent practice exercises to help develop an understanding of timing in the animated sequences. The poses and extremes shown on pages 138 - 139 are simple, but excellent, examples.

Overlapping actions, holding poses, and other movements, as shown in the exercises involving the sheriff, the dancing girls, the hippo, and the alligator, are valuable examples of the highest-quality professional animation.

Other actions included in this chapter are the "take" (a surprise expression), straight-ahead and rhythm animation, balance and tilt in movement, and arcs, curves, and paths of action. The movement of legs, arms, and hands, and the anticipated movement or actions are covered in the section entitled "The Wave Principle." These are excellent methods for "waving" the animated movement in the proper directions. The chain reaction of waving actions is extremely important to character movement. Changing the speed of the animated movement, along with expressing attitudes, emotions, gestures, and reactions, can all be combined and fitted to your character.
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Cartoon Animation (The Collector's Series)

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